Overcoming the data deluge challenges with greener electronics
Résumé
The complete ecosystem of electronic device
manufacturers, from microelectronics, software and hardware
designers to developers, producers, and integrators, is facing
an immense new environmental challenge: to cope with the
data deluge and to reduce the energy consumption of digital
technologies. The purpose of this paper is to propose scientific
and technical directions to reach global data and power
sobriety while preserving computational efficiency. We present
nine opportunities to lower the power consumption of
computing units. A growth factor of 100 to 1000 in energy
efficiency is achievable in the next 10 years if we take full
advantage of all the potential improvements, working
simultaneously at all five levels of the technological ecosystem
(process steps, circuits, architecture, software and algorithms).
We will indeed need to exploit all the possible technological
advances to achieve this goal, including resistive memories, 3D
stacking and new computing paradigms such as in-memorycomputing, neuromorphic computing and quantum computing.
Additionally, in order to maximize efficiency and performance,
the research and development communities must work closer
together and embrace a real culture of co-design to optimize
applications and algorithms, algorithms and architectures,
architectures and technologies jointly. We also propose to
perform data processing operations as closely as possible to the
source, in order to curtail the energy consumption that comes
with data transport. Finally, we believe it is essential to accept
the constraints for sustainable electronics now, and to change
our mindsets quite radically by carrying out product life-cycle
assessments in the very early phases of any new research.
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