Enhancing the spatial resolution for wire fault detection systems using multi-carrier signals

Christophe Layer (1) , Esteban Cabanillas (1, 2) , Moussa Kafal (1) , Antoine Dupret (1)

1 LFIC - Laboratoire Fiabilité et Intégration de Capteurs
2 CEA-LETI - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information

Recently, the world is witnessing a vast daily development in technology accompanied with more and more complex electronic systems. They are hosting cumulated lengths of electrical cables that are subject one day or another to the occurrence of wiring faults. Accordingly, wire diagnosis became essentially important for ensuring safety, security, integrity, and optimal performance. On the other hand, the emergence of sensor networks and connected objects has created the need for embedded and non invasive fault diagnosis solutions. Notably, multi-carrier reflectometry methods have shown promising and efficient results in locating upcoming defects on wires in an online manner. Nevertheless, their precision stays within the physical limits of their components, especially the sampling frequency of their analog/digital transitions. In this paper, we will propose several approaches combining multi-carrier reflectometry with phase analysis techniques to overcome this limit. Accordingly, an improvement in the precision of the fault localization and a high spatial resolution is obtained. Based on an FPGA implementation, our novel methods and the resulting systems have proven a five-time better accuracy than the state-of-the-art methods on the same platform.

Keywords: cable; Power cables; electrical cables; complex electronic systems; wire network; electric wire; sensor network; Sensor system; fault detection; Circuit faults; wiring fault diagnosis; fault location; fault localization; cable; fault position; defect; diagnosis; complex wiring; reflectometry; transferometry; multi-carrier reflectometry; phase analysis; analog-digital transitions; phase analysis technique; FPGA; multicarrier signals; wire fault detection systems; spatial resolution; field programmable gate arrays; phase measurement; OFDM; Testing; Fourier transform; multi-carrier; defect diagnosis; high precision sensing; Reflectometry

Domains: Signal and Image Processing; Electromagnetism

Christophe Layer, Esteban Cabanillas, Moussa Kafal, Antoine Dupret. Enhancing the spatial resolution for wire fault detection systems using multi-carrier signals. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2018, 18 (23), pp.9857-9866. ⟨10.1109/JSEN.2018.2872409⟩. ⟨cea-03122166⟩