Chlorine management in thermal processes.
Résumé
Thermal processes are increasingly used to treat industrial or municipal organic waste. For instance cogeneration that is able to use one part of the internal energy waste is becoming more popular. Incineration is often used for the treatment of industrial waste. Incineration vitrification is under development for organic nuclear waste processing. Whatever the case, the presence of chlorine in the waste leads to severe corrosion problems in the process. To mitigate these difficulties in an incineration process for radioactive waste contaminated by plutonium (IRIS), the CEA has investigated the processes by which potentially hazardous compounds are produced in order to eliminate them or prevent their formation. The studies have led to propose a phosphate-based stabilization technique thanks to an addition of phosphorus in the waste. Through a reaction occurring in gas phase, the metals are stabilized under a phosphate form when the formation of volatiles chlorides is avoided.This very efficient technique has been applied for the nuclear waste incineration and has substantially improved process maintenance and security. It could be used for other application in the field of nuclear, household, industrial waste processing.
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