A SAXS/WAXS laboratory instrument for nanomaterials characterization
Résumé
Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) allows traceable measurements of size, size distribution , surface area, concentration and shape of nanomaterials in solutions, powders and in bulk materials. We present here a custom-made state-of-the-art SAXS laboratory instrument (see Figure 1) based on Mo X-ray generator. Its design has been thought and optimized for the wide angles (WAXS) for investigate nanostructured material in particular in the size range from below 1 nm to above 20 nm. The X-ray generator is a molybdenum (17 keV) rotating anode. A combination of a multilayer collimating mirror and a patented hybrid slits gives us a very sharp and high purity beam for a laboratory setup, with a size of 1x1 mm2 and a flux of 10 8 photons/s. The motorized sample holder can load 20 capil-laries, a temperature controlled system or a circulation environment system for kinetic studies. A vacuum chamber is placed behind whose output window diameter is designed for the 2D image plate Mar345 detector. The accessible q-range is qmin = 0.03 Å-1 to qmax = 3 Å-1. A special attention was given to the complete data treatment processing (absolute intensities, uncertainties, reference samples, calibration ,…), enable us to make traceable measurements. Combining molybdenum energy and the state-of-art experimental setup provide us with a very powerful tool for nanomaterial studies [2][3]. We present here some results obtained with this experiment for inter-laboratories characterization studies in particular of silver nanoparticles, and Si nanoparticles.
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