An integrated archaeometallurgical typology of architectural crampons as a method for reconstructing the iron economy of Angkor, Cambodia (10th to 13th c.)

Stéphanie Leroy (1, 2, 3) , Mitch Hendrickson (4) , Enrique Vega (1, 2, 3) , Théo Blanchet (1, 2, 3) , Sylvain Bauvais (1, 2, 3, 5) , Emmanuelle Delqué-Kolic (6) , Alexandre Disser (1, 2, 3) , Philippe Dillmann (1, 2, 3) , Pira Venunan (7) , Christophe Pottier (8)

1 LAPA - UMR 3685 - Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération
2 IRAMAT - LMC - IRAMAT - Laboratoire Métallurgies et Cultures
3 IRAMAT - Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux
4 UIC - University of Illinois [Chicago]
5 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
6 LMC14 - UMS 2572 - Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14
7 Silpakorn University [Bangkok, Thaïlande]
8 EFEO - École française d'Extrême-Orient

The Khmer Empire, based at the UNESCO World Heritage site of Angkor in Cambodia, rapidly extended their political influence across mainland Southeast Asia between the 11th and 13th c. AD. Traditionally, Angkor's power base is attributed to an elaborate bureaucratic system, regional centres, and road system. Lack of key resources around the capital suggests this network provided materials necessary to enhance a broad range of activities (e.g. construction efficiency, military capability,…). Iron with its technological characteristics and universal utility is known as being one of the most dynamic materials for facilitating social transformation. Reconstructing how iron was managed in the Khmer empire is therefore a critical perspective for drawing a socioeconomic context in terms of development of states and polities. The international IRANGKOR project was established to investigate the diachronic organization of iron consumption and distribution practices. In combination with the INDAP project, which focuses on the evidence of iron production, our broader aim is to address the overall impact that iron played in the processes of Angkorian state-building during this time period.

Keywords: Iron economy; archaeometallurgical typology; Khmer empire; architectural crampons

Domains: Humanities and Social Sciences; Archaeology and Prehistory; Material chemistry

Stéphanie Leroy, Mitch Hendrickson, Enrique Vega, Théo Blanchet, Sylvain Bauvais, et al.. An integrated archaeometallurgical typology of architectural crampons as a method for reconstructing the iron economy of Angkor, Cambodia (10th to 13th c.). Iron in Archaeology: Bloomery Smelters and Blacksmiths in Europe and Beyond, May 2017, Praha, Czech Republic. ⟨cea-02328019⟩