Synthesis of FeH$_ 5$ : A layered structure with atomic hydrogen slabs
Abstract
High pressure promotes the formation of polyhydrides with unusually high hydrogen-to-metal ratios. These polyhydrides have complex hydrogenic sublattices. We synthesized iron pentahydride (FeH$_5$) by a direct reaction between iron and H$_2$ above 130 gigapascals in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. FeH$_5$ exhibits a structure built of atomic hydrogen only. It consists of intercalated layers of quasicubic FeH$_3$ units and four-plane slabs of thin atomic hydrogen. The distribution of the valence electron density indicates a bonding between hydrogen and iron atoms but none between hydrogen atoms, presenting a two-dimensional metallic character. The discovery of FeH$_5$ suggests a low-pressure path to make materials that approach bulk dense atomic hydrogen.