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V. Acknowledgments-we-thank-i.-lazaridis, I. Narasimhan, N. Olalde, ;. N. Patterson, A. Adamski et al., White for help with archaeological samples. Funding: This work was supported by the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs, 1602527.

H. , Statutory City of Ostrava (grant 0924/2016/?aS; P.C.), Moravian-Silesian Region (grant 01211/2016/RRC; P.C.), Irish Research Council (grant GOIPG/2013/36; D.F.), Thailand Research Fund (grant MRG5980146

P. F. and P. C. , Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (project OPVVV 16_019/0000759; P.F. and P.C.), National Science Foundation

D. R. , P. F. , R. P. , and D. , National Institutes of Health (NIGMS grant GM100233, an Allen Discovery Center of the Paul Allen Foundation (D.R.), and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute

M. O. , M. P. , T. O. , A. W. , H. M. et al., wrote the manuscript with input from all coauthors. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Data and materials availability: The aligned sequences are available through the European Nucleotide Archive under accession number PRJEB24939

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